Pharmacology and the Nursing Process by Linda Lane Lilley: Practice Exam

For what reason is protamine sulfate administered in heparin overdose?

1. To increase the effect of heparin

2. To reverse heparin's anticoagulant properties

3. As a pain reliever

4. To act as a vitamin K antagonist

The correct answer is: To reverse heparin's anticoagulant properties

Protamine sulfate is administered in heparin overdose to reverse the anticoagulant properties of heparin. It works by binding to heparin and forming a stable complex that is then removed from circulation by the reticuloendothelial system. Option A is incorrect because protamine sulfate does not increase the effect of heparin, but rather counteracts it. Option C is incorrect because protamine sulfate is not used as a pain reliever. Option D is incorrect because protamine sulfate does not act as a vitamin K antagonist, which is the mechanism of action for drugs like warfarin.