Pharmacology and the Nursing Process by Linda Lane Lilley: Practice Exam

Which class of drugs is used during the acute phase of an asthmatic attack to quickly reduce airway constriction?

1. Anticholinergics

2. Xanthine derivatives

3. Beta-adrenergic agonists

4. Corticosteroids

The correct answer is: Beta-adrenergic agonists

One may think that anticholinergics, xanthine derivatives, and corticosteroids could also be used during the acute phase of an asthmatic attack to relieve airway constriction due to their anti-inflammatory properties. However, beta-adrenergic agonists are specifically designed to act quickly and directly on the beta receptors in the lungs, resulting in rapid relaxation of the airway muscles. This makes them the most effective and commonly used class of drugs during an asthmatic attack. Anticholinergics are more effective in preventing the onset of an attack rather than addressing an acute attack. Xanthine derivatives have a longer onset of action and are typically used for maintenance therapy. Corticosteroids, while effective for reducing airway inflammation, are more commonly used for long-term control rather than immediate relief during an acute attack.